Improvement in rolling apparatus



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Rolling Apparatus. No. 57,021. v Patented Aug. 7, 1866.

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PATENT OFFICEQ HERVEY WATERS, OF BOSTON, MASSAOHUSETTS.

IMPROVEM ENT 'IN ROLLING APPARATUS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 57,021, dated August 7, 1866..

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HERVEY WATERS, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and Stateof Massachusetts, have invented an Improved Machine for Rolling and Shaping Metals; and I do hereby declare that the following, taken in connection with the drawings which accompany and form part of this specification, is a description of my invention sufficient to enablethose skilled in the art to practice it.

This invention relates to the construction and arrangement of mechanism for rolling and shaping metal by means of a suit of die. grooves formed in the surface of two rolls, the invention being applicable to the rolling of file-blanks and other articles in which it is desirable to simultaneously draw and shape the bar or blank.

The invention more particularly relates to the manner of guiding and presenting the blank to each pair of die-grooves working in conjunction, and to the successive pairs of dies, and also to the peculiar forms of the diegrooves.

The invention consists in the employment of a laterally-moving carriage for carrying and guiding the work to the action of the dies; also to an arrangement of mechanism for moving and holding the index of the carriage which carries the blank; also to the peculiar construction or form of the dies or grooves in the rolls; also, in combination, the rolls having a suit of grooves or dies, the index, with the means of determining its lateral position, and the holder, with the means used therewith to determine the angle of presentation of the blank to the successive grooves and the point at which the dies shall bite upon the blank.

Figure 1 of the drawings represents a perspective View of a machine embodying thesesurfaces the suit of working grooves or dies,

by successive passes through which the blank is reduced to the desired form, each two dies working together being the same in form, but one the converse of the other.

Portions of the surfaces of the rolls are shown as lower than the Workingsurfaces of the dies, in order that the blank properly grasped may be passed between the rolls when open, and held in position for the dies to bite upon it in their revolution and roll it toward the side from which it was entered.

7c is a table attached to the stands of the machine. This table supports a sliding carriage, d, which travels laterally on a stationary bar, 6, passing through bearings projecting from the carriage, it being kept from turning upon the bar by any suitable means.

The carriage supports a slidingframe or carriage, f, in which is mounted the tongs or holder g, whereby the blank is introduced between the rolls and to the dies. The tongsframe slides on a bar or way, h, placed above and attached to the cross-carriage, and the tongs are so applied to their frame as to be capable of a quarter-rotation, more or less, in order to turn the blank after each pass and before the next pass through the next pair of dies. The extent of this rotative movement and the consequent position of the blank with reference to the acting-die surfaces is determined by stationary stops or indexpoints projecting from the carriage and a stop, 2', on the end of the guide-bar h. The tongs are kept from accidental turning on the bar It by a rod, is, running parallel and turning with the rod h, the tongs being connected to said rod by a link. By applying the hand to the tongs or the tongs-frame the frame is slid upon its rod h up toward the rolls, carrying the blank between the open surfaces thereof, where it is held in position for the dies to bite upon it. The extent of its forward movement between the rolls is determined by means of adjustable stops Z, one of which for each pair of dies is fastened upon the surface of the table a, in the path of move ment of the rear end of the tongs or a shoulder projecting therefrom. When the tongs frame is moved forward the shoulder or projection from the tongs strikes against the stop upon the table and determines the point on the blank at which the dies shall bite upon it.

In Fig. 3 a modification of the tongs-carriage is shown, the carriage being itself the barf, which is moved up to the dies and back by them, the tongs being fixed to and in line with this bar j. The index is affixed to a rockercylinder, through which this barf slides and with which it turns, and the stops to the carriage, to determine the axial position of the blank, as in the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, and the extent .of forward movement of the blank is regulated in substantially the same manner, a projection from the tongs-bar striking upon stops fixed to the table 0, as will be readily understood.

The cross-carriage dis held or locked stationary aft-er each forward movement of the ton gs-frame, the bar h being in proper position to guide the blank between the rolls in the plane of the dies to act upon the blank, and the carriage is fed laterally, after each action of the dies upon the blank, the exact distance necessary to bring the blank opposite the next pair of dies to act upon it. This locking and feeding mechanism is shown in detail in Fig. 2, and is as follows: An index-rack, m, is fastened upon the traverse-carriage, a system of pawls working into or against the teeth of this. rack to determine the position of the carriage. n is the impelling-pawl; 0 and p, detainingpawls, the pawl 19 being below the impellingpawl, as seen in .Fig. 2, where the impellingpawl lever is shown as partially broken away, the pawl n being at the front end of the long lever and hung to a rocker-arm or bent lever, r, movement of which, by hand or otherwise, drives the pawl n forward and back, as will be readily understood. When it is drawn back the movement of the pawl n is stopped by a proection from its under surface striking against an arm, 8, of the detaining or locking pawl p. The extent of this rear movement is about equal to the distance between two adjacent teeth of the rack, which is also the distance between two adjacent dies; and as the pawl is drawn back, an incline, t, projecting from it, presses upon a pin extending up from the detaining-pawl 0, and carries back said pawl from the tooth with which it is engaged, while the other detaining-pawl remains engaged and prevents back movement of the index-bar and carriage. The pawl 0 being thus out of engagement, the impelling-pawl is driven forward, moving the carriage the distance between two die-grooves, the pawl 19 being lifted by the passing tooth and slipping down behind and in contact with it as the tooth passes beyond it, the forward movement-of the incline t at the same time allowing the pawl 0 to slip down in front of the tooth, thus fixing the carriage in position for the movement of the tongscarriage, tongs, and blank up to the rolls. When thecross-carriage has been moved the wholelength of the index-bar, or the teeth thereupon, the pawls are all drawn out from the rack by thearm s, when the carriage may be slid back by hand to its normal position.

Fig. 4 shows a plan of a suit composed of two grooves, (the grooves in the other roll,

working in conjunction therewith, and which are the converse thereof, not being shown.) The entering end of the bar is of the size and form, in cross-section, denoted at a by dotted lines, the section of the two grooves working together at this point being equiangular. From this point to the opposite end of the groove the sides of the die become rhomboidal in section throughout, as seen by the dotted lines at b b b.

By the action of thedies upon the blank it is drawn down from the square form at one end, as seen at a, to the rhomboidal form (lenoted by the dotted lines b, &c. The blank is then carried to the next groove, which is a shaping or finishing groove and is equiangular in section throughout.

The system of grooves may be composed of two or more alternate drawinggrooves and drawing and shaping grooves, or all the grooves excepting the last may be drawing-grooves, and the last a shaping or finishing groove.

This system of grooved dies is particularly applicable to rolling the taper upon blanks for square files, in which manufacture it is usual to first roll the steel for the files in square bars of suitable size for the body of the file and of uniform size and figure of cross-section throughout the entire length of the bar, the bar being afterward cut into short bars or blanks of suitable length, each, for drawing into a file-blank, and therefore, for such purpose, the entering end of the dies, where the bar is first seized, (which is where the taper commences,) should be of suitable size and shape to receive the already-prepared blank without scarring it; but as the taper required for the file is very little at first, and the reduction required at and toward the point is much greater, increasing nearly regularly from the first to the last point named, it is desirable that the drawing action of the die should increase in substantially the same ratio, and, looking to the soundness of the blank drawn and shaped, it is desirable that every cross-section of the bar when drawn should be as near as may be uniformly the same throughout; but if the grooves be tapering and their joint cross-section equiangular the metal in rolling will flush over upon the surface of the rolls, producing a fin, and thus ruining the process; and if the grooves be splayed near the surface of the roll, so as to remedy'this in considerable degree, the effect upon the material is still injurious, because of the violent strain upon some of its parts. To obviate all the difficulties I make the grooves in their joint cross-section equiangular where they first seize their work, but'departing from that to a rhomb immediately but gradually, and increasing the same according to the increase of taper of the work to be produced, taking care that the size and angles at each cross-section shall be such as will just fill as near as may be the corresponding cross-section in the succeeding finishing-groove, which is, of course, equiangular throughout.

If more than two grooves are necessary, it

swim I 3 will be practicable todraw down by a succes sion of grooves, all changing from equiangular to rhomboidal in the manner I have described, except the last one, which must be substantially equiangular throughout.

I claim- 1. The combination, with a suit of roller- (lies, of a lateral or cross carriage for holding the work and guiding it to the successive dies.

2. The arrangement or system of mechanism for moving the carriage laterally and retaining it in proper position for the action of each pair of dies upon the blank.

3. The system of die-grooves, equiangular and rhomboidahin respective joint cross-section, substantially as described.

4. In combination,.the rolls b b, having a suit of die-grooves, with the index m, the holder g, the index i, and the stops 1, for determining the position of the blank with relation to the dies to which it is presented.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of July, A. D. I865.

HERVEY WATERS.

Witnesses:

F. GOULD,

W. B. GLEAsoN. 

